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How to check whether residuals are normally distributed or not using python?

Description

To check the distribution of residuals in python.

Process

  Import the libraries.

  Read the sample data.

  Take model summary.

  Check residuals are follows normal distribution or not.

  Plot the residuals.

Sample Code

#import libraries
import scipy.stats as stats
import statsmodels.api as sm
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

#read the data set
data=pd.read_csv(‘/home/soft27/soft27/Sathish/
Pythonfiles/Employee.csv’)

#creating data frame
df=pd.DataFrame(data)

#assigning the independent variable
X = df[[‘rating’,’bonus’]]

#assigning the dependent variable
Y = df[‘salary’]

#Build multiple linear regression
X = sm.add_constant(X)

#fit the variables in to the linear model
model = sm.OLS(Y, X, hasconst=True).fit()

#print the intercept and regression coefficients
print_model = model.summary()
print(print_model)

#residuals visualization
mu = np.mean(model.resid)
sigma = np.std(model.resid)
pdf = stats.norm.pdf(sorted(model.resid), mu, sigma)
plt.hist(model.resid, bins=50, normed=True)
plt.plot(sorted(model.resid), pdf, color=’r’, linewidth=2)
plt.show()

#qq plot
fig, [ax1, ax2] = plt.subplots(1,2, figsize=(10,3))
sm.qqplot(model.resid, stats.t, fit=True, line=’45’,
ax = ax1)
ax1.set_title(“t distribution”)
sm.qqplot(model.resid, stats.norm, fit=True, line=’45’, ax=ax2)
ax2.set_title(“normal distribution”)
plt.show()

Screenshots
check whether not Plot the residuals using python
import pandas as pd
creating data frame
fit the variables in to the linear model