Wireless Network with communication model is established using TCL script. Execution of tcl script generates a trace file with all simulation events recorded in it. Routing Overhead is calculated using awk script which processes the trace file and produces the result in a file with .xg extension. Xgraph for Routing Overhead is plotted using the results (.xg file) obtained from the execution of awk script.
# Filename: sample35.tcl
# Simulator Instance Creation
set ns [new Simulator]
#Fixing the co-ordinate of simulation area
set val(x) 500
set val(y) 500
# Define options
set val(chan) Channel/WirelessChannel ;# channel type
set val(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# radio-propagation model
set val(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy ;# network interface type
set val(mac) Mac/802_11 ;# MAC type
set val(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# interface queue type
set val(ll) LL ;# link layer type
set val(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna ;# antenna model
set val(ifqlen) 50 ;# max packet in ifq
set val(nn) 3 ;# number of mobilenodes
set val(rp) AODV ;# routing protocol
set val(x) 500 ;# X dimension of topography
set val(y) 500 ;# Y dimension of topography
set val(stop) 10.0 ;# time of simulation end
# set up topography object
set topo [new Topography]
$topo load_flatgrid $val(x) $val(y)
#Nam File Creation nam – network animator
set namfile [open sample35.nam w]
#Tracing all the events and cofiguration
$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namfile $val(x) $val(y)
#Trace File creation
set tracefile [open sample35.tr w]
#Tracing all the events and cofiguration
$ns trace-all $tracefile
# general operational descriptor- storing the hop details in the network
create-god $val(nn)
# configure the nodes
$ns node-config -adhocRouting $val(rp) \
-llType $val(ll) \
-macType $val(mac) \
-ifqType $val(ifq) \
-ifqLen $val(ifqlen) \
-antType $val(ant) \
-propType $val(prop) \
-phyType $val(netif) \
-channelType $val(chan) \
-topoInstance $topo \
-agentTrace ON \
-routerTrace ON \
-macTrace OFF \
-movementTrace ON
# Node Creation
for {set i 0} {$i < 3} {incr i} {
set node_($i) [$ns node]
$node_($i) color black
}
#Location fixing for a single node
$node_(0) set X_ 258
$node_(0) set Y_ 222
$node_(0) set Z_ 0
for {set i 1} {$i < 3} {incr i} {
$node_($i) set X_ [expr rand()*$val(x)]
$node_($i) set Y_ [expr rand()*$val(y)]
$node_($i) set Z_ 0
}
# Label and coloring
for {set i 0} {$i < 3} {incr i} {
$ns at 0.1 "$node_($i) color blue"
$ns at 0.1 "$node_($i) label Node$i"
}
#Size of the node
for {set i 0} {$i < 3} {incr i} {
$ns initial_node_pos $node_($i) 30
}
#******************************Defining Communication Between node0 and all nodes ****************************8
for {set i 1} {$i < 3} {incr i} {
# Defining a transport agent for sending
set udp [new Agent/UDP]
# Attaching transport agent to sender node
$ns attach-agent $node_($i) $udp
# Defining a transport agent for receiving
set null [new Agent/Null]
# Attaching transport agent to receiver node
$ns attach-agent $node_(0) $null
#Connecting sending and receiving transport agents
$ns connect $udp $null
#Defining Application instance
set cbr [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
# Attaching transport agent to application agent
$cbr attach-agent $udp
#Packet size in bytes and interval in seconds definition
$cbr set packetSize_ 512
$cbr set interval_ 0.1
# data packet generation starting time
$ns at 1.0 "$cbr start"
# data packet generation ending time
#$ns at 6.0 "$cbr stop"
}
# ending nam and the simulation
$ns at $val(stop) "$ns nam-end-wireless $val(stop)"
$ns at $val(stop) "stop"
#Stopping the scheduler
$ns at 10.01 "puts \"end simulation\" ; $ns halt"
#$ns at 10.01 "$ns halt"
exec awk -f Routing_Overhead.awk sample35.tr > routing_overhead.xg &
exec xgraph -geometry 500X500 -P -bg white –t Routing_Overhead -x time(s) -y routing_overhead(packets) routing_overhead.xg &
#Starting scheduler
$ns run
#################################################################
#filename: RoutingOverhead.awk
#——— Formula ————:
Routing Overhead = RoutingPacketsCount
#——— AWK script Format——–#
The script has the following format:
BEGIN {}
{
content
}
END {}
Begin part comprises of initialization of variable.
Commands in the content part scan every row of trace file only once.
Ex:
if (pattern) {
action;
}
If the pattern is matched with the line in the trace in the trace file specified action will be performed.
In the END part final calculation is performed on the data obtained from the content part.
#——— Steps ————:
1. set pattern and action for routing packets
#################################################################
Execution:
ns sample35.tcl