Recent research in cloudlet computing focuses on deploying lightweight, decentralized computing infrastructures closer to end users to reduce latency, enhance mobility support, and improve real-time data processing for IoT and mobile applications. Studies explore efficient cloudlet placement, task offloading, energy management, and security mechanisms to optimize performance in resource-constrained edge environments. Integration with emerging technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, and 5G further enhances reliability, scalability, and trust in cloudlet networks. By bridging the gap between edge devices and centralized clouds, cloudlet computing enables faster service delivery and supports latency-sensitive applications like augmented reality, smart healthcare, and autonomous systems.