Research on Multipath Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) aims to enhance reliability, load balancing, and fault tolerance by establishing multiple simultaneous communication paths between source and destination nodes. Unlike single-path routing, multipath techniques distribute data packets across several routes to mitigate congestion, reduce packet loss, and improve energy efficiency. Recent studies focus on energy-aware and secure multipath protocols that adaptively select optimal routes based on residual energy, link stability, and QoS requirements. Node-disjoint and energy-balanced multipath schemes improve robustness against node failures and extend network lifetime. Machine learning and swarm intelligence-based approaches have also been introduced to dynamically predict link quality and optimize route selection under varying network conditions. Overall, multipath routing plays a vital role in achieving high throughput, resilience, and scalability in modern WSN applications.