Research on blockchain Proof of Stake (PoS) consensus focuses on an energy-efficient alternative to Proof of Work (PoW) for achieving distributed agreement in decentralized networks. In PoS, validators are chosen to create new blocks and confirm transactions based on the amount of cryptocurrency they hold and are willing to “stake” as collateral, rather than solving computational puzzles. Studies explore the security, fairness, and scalability of PoS systems, addressing issues such as stake centralization, nothing-at-stake attacks, and long-range attacks. Research also investigates hybrid PoS mechanisms, reward distribution models, and consensus protocols that enhance throughput, reduce latency, and maintain decentralization. Overall, PoS consensus provides a sustainable, secure, and efficient method for maintaining blockchain integrity and supporting large-scale decentralized applications.