The PoS is an alternative consensus protocol of Proof of Work (PoW). The PoS is more energy efficient. The PoS exploits a pseudorandom-based miner selection process to reach a consensus. The PoS-based ledgers maintain a track list for validators and their corresponding cryptocurrency that is at stake for the validators. It instructs the validators to invest the cryptography stake to produce the next block. However, the random selection gets biased in many applications, and the PoS utilizes two block selection methods: randomized and coin age selection, to rectify the biasing issue. Two significant applications of PoS consensus are as follows.
• Peercoin
• Ethereum 2.0
The PoS algorithm has many advantages, as follows.
• Energy efficient
• Makes staking as easy
• Highly environment friendly
• Decentralization
• Secure against 51% attack
PoW has some disadvantages, which are as follows.
• High network influence of users with maximum coins
• Not proven long-term sustainability
• Lack of cold wallet choosing