Research in Flying Ad Hoc Networks (FANETs) focuses on enabling reliable, secure, and high-performance communication among unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) operating in dynamic and three-dimensional environments. Recent studies propose mobility-aware and energy-efficient routing protocols that adapt to rapid topology changes and varying flight patterns. Artificial intelligence and swarm intelligence algorithms are widely applied for trajectory optimization, cluster formation, and cooperative communication to enhance connectivity and reduce latency. Security mechanisms, including blockchain and trust-based frameworks, are integrated to prevent jamming, spoofing, and data tampering attacks. Additionally, 6G-enabled and edge-assisted FANET architectures are being explored to support real-time applications such as disaster management, surveillance, and smart city monitoring. These advancements collectively improve scalability, resilience, and communication efficiency in next-generation aerial ad hoc networks.