Recent research in Transport Control Protocol (TCP) issues in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) focuses on overcoming performance degradation caused by frequent link failures, dynamic topology changes, and wireless interference. Traditional TCP mechanisms often misinterpret packet losses due to mobility or route breaks as congestion, leading to unnecessary retransmissions and reduced throughput. To address this, recent studies propose cross-layer designs, adaptive congestion control, and feedback-based mechanisms that differentiate between congestion and mobility-induced losses. Enhanced versions of TCP, such as TCP-ELFN, TCP-F, and TCP-MLQ, utilize link failure notifications, queue management, and mobility-aware adjustments to improve reliability. Furthermore, hybrid models incorporating machine learning and fuzzy logic optimize retransmission timing and congestion window adaptation. Overall, current research aims to make TCP more mobility-aware, energy-efficient, and responsive to the dynamic characteristics of MANETs, ensuring improved end-to-end performance and stability.