The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a collection of vehicles equipped with sensors, and they are allowed to connect and exchange data over the internet. The IoV is applied in two different applications, such as service applications and safety applications. It is applied on the onboard service application. The main aim of the service application is to enhance the experience of the driver and passengers. Moreover, the safety applications can be divided into the following categories such as public safety, emergency rescue, road information warning, and intelligent traffic management. All vehicles in IoV have to establish a reliable connection with other vehicles and humans.
   The IoT necessitates the following pieces to accomplish better functionalities that are hardware bits, software, networking technologies, and additional services. The hardware bits are sensors, and connectivity ensures road lanes, intelligent parking lots, intelligent traffic lights, wearable devices, and hardware devices inside the smart vehicles. The software denotes the services of connecting the hardware devices and mobile applications. The networking technologies are Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 5G networks, and vehicular communications. The IoV architecture comprises the perception, network, artificial intelligence, application, and business layers. The advantages of IoV systems are improved transportation safety, improved travel convenience, minimizing the travel time, low energy consumption, minimum cost, and several environmental benefits.