Fog computing is a decentralized computing infrastructure that brings data storage, processing, and applications closer to the devices that generate data, rather than relying solely on centralized cloud computing systems. It is considered an extension of cloud computing and plays a crucial role in the Internet of Things (IoT), edge computing, and real-time applications. The main goal of fog computing is to reduce the latency that occurs when data is sent to distant cloud servers for processing and to minimize the bandwidth required for data transmission to centralized data centers.