Research papers in IoT enabling technologies explore the foundational components and advanced innovations that power the Internet of Things ecosystem and ensure its seamless integration into modern life. These works delve into a wide spectrum of areas such as ultra-low-power communication protocols (LoRaWAN, Zigbee, NB-IoT, 5G), intelligent sensor and actuator design, edge and fog computing for low-latency processing, cloud integration for large-scale data storage, and network virtualization for efficient resource allocation. They further emphasize advanced security frameworks, lightweight cryptographic techniques, blockchain-based trust models, and federated learning for preserving data privacy in distributed environments. In addition, IoT research highlights big data analytics, AI-driven decision-making, digital twins, and interoperability standards that allow heterogeneous devices and platforms to work together efficiently.Addressing challenges such as scalability, energy efficiency, interoperability, and resilience against cyber threats, these studies propose novel architectures, optimization models, and adaptive algorithms that push the boundaries of IoT capabilities. Applications span across smart cities, precision agriculture, connected healthcare, intelligent transportation, smart grids, and Industry 4.0, demonstrating IoT’s transformative potential in creating sustainable, efficient, and intelligent environments. Collectively, this body of literature not only provides theoretical foundations but also practical solutions, offering researchers, practitioners, and policymakers a roadmap to design, deploy, and scale next-generation IoT systems worldwide.